A history of the world in 100 objects (исполнитель: 6 Minute English)
NB: This is not an accurate word-for-word transcript. Группа Learning English. Продолжение текста здесь: [bad word] /downloads.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/6minute/100128_6min_100objects.pdf Dan: Hello and [bad word] to this week's 6 Minute English. I'm Dan and today I'm joined by Kate. Kate: Hi Dan. Dan: Hi Kate. Now in today's programme we’re talking about a new exhibition at the British Museum in London, which is attempting to define the whole of human history through 100 objects. Kate: Yes, well from stone-age tools to the modern credit card, the museum says certain key objects can demonstrate man's development up until the present day – in particular our important advances in art, technology, religion, warfare and trade. Dan: So Kate, this week's question for you is: How many objects are there in the whole of the British Museum collection? Is it: a) 8 million b) 11 million c) 13 million Kate: That's a hard one. I've got absolutely no idea. But I'm going to go for c, the largest number: 13 million. Dan: Well, we'll see if you're right at the end of the programme. Kate: Now the museum has spent four years organising the exhibition. So Dan how did they choose the final 100 objects that are being put on display? Dan: Well, the museum's director, Neil MacGregor, says that they've chosen the objects that give us an idea of how different cultures have interacted; that is, how they worked together or formed relationships. Kate: So let's have a listen to the first extract as he explains how scientific developments have changed the significance of certain objects. How does he describe the effect that scientific discoveries have had on our understanding? Extract 1 Most of us, I think, if [bad word] back to a museum that we visited as a child, have the sense that we've changed enormously, while the things have remained serenely the same. But of course they haven't. Thanks to constant research into new scientific techniques, what we can know about them is constantly growing. Kate: OK, well he says that what we know about the objects is constantly growing. The word constant here means continuous or frequent. So to say that what we know is constantly growing means that it is always expanding or getting bigger in size. Dan: He also said that we might think things remain serenely the same. Serene means calm, tranquil or steady. So here he means we think things have steadily remained the same. The impact of science on our understanding of historical objects is demonstrated in one of the first pieces in the collection, an ancient Egyptian mummy – the preserved body of ancient Egyptian priest, which has been wrapped in linen in preparation for the afterlife. Kate: In the next clip we're going to hear from a specialist from the museum's ancient Egypt and Sudan department as he explains how new analysis of mummies can provide information on trade in the ancient world, and show that cultures interacted far more than we originally thought. Dan: He uses the word mummification, which means the process of preserving the bodies as mummies, by wrapping them in strips of material. And also the term [bad word] What does he mean by that Kate? Kate: Well, the [bad word] is the basic make-up of chemicals in a particular object. Let's have a listen; how do the mummies help us to understand trading in the ancient world? Extract 2: We can also look at substances used in mummification; we can test them; we can look at the [bad word] of them; find out what materials were being used; maybe now we can look at where they [bad word] from. We [bad word] these chemical make-ups with substances found in different parts of the Mediterranean, and begin to [bad word] the trading networks that supplied these things to Egypt. ...